WRULDs and RSI
Work-related upper limb disorders and repetitive strain injuries (WRULDs/RSIs) occur when the tendons, muscles, ligaments or nerves are damaged by repetitive movements done at work.
RSI affects up to half a million workers in the UK each year. Symptoms can include pain, swelling and difficulty in moving. The worst cases can result in permanent disability.
RSI can often be prevented by making very small changes to your work technique or work environment.
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Examples of RSI
Common examples of RSI are:
- Tendonitis and tenosynovitis.
- Epicondylitis (tennis or golfer’s elbow).
- Carpal tunnel syndrome.
- Dupuytren’s contracture;
- Bursitis (knee, elbow or hand).
Although work-related RSI is generally associated with the upper body, it can also occur in the lower body – for example, in the knees and feet.
Signs and symptoms of RSI
RSI can start with mild pain and stiffness in a specific area, or a general achiness, for example across the shoulder. Common symptoms include:
- Pain in the fingers, wrists, arms or shoulders.
- Stiffness.
- Pins and needles or tingling.
- Numbness.
- Swelling.
- Redness.
- Loss of strength in your hand or fingers.
- Cramps.
What causes RSI?
RSI is caused by repeated movements of the fingers, hands or arms carried out for a long time and/or in an awkward position. Anything from typing to cleaning can cause RSI.
Some common causes are:
- Working at a badly designed workstation that has not been adjusted for you.
- Using equipment that is too heavy.
- Using equipment that is the wrong size.
- Using vibrating equipment.
- Using the wrong technique for a job.
- Doing a task that demands you grip something or apply pressure for a long time.
- Doing repetitive movements too fast or with too much force.
- Working in a cold, draughty environment.
- Doing the same task for a long time without a break.
How to prevent RSI
Employers have a legal duty to help prevent RSI. They need to make sure that your working environment, system of work and equipment does not cause injury.
Your employer should ensure that:
- your workstation is set up correctly;
- your equipment is the right size, height and weight;
- you have been trained to use the equipment;
- your work environment is not too cold or draughty;
- your work schedule allows you regular breaks;
- there is variety in the tasks you are required to do.
Frequently asked questions
They may also prescribe anti-inflammatory painkillers, a brace or support, physiotherapy, stretching or strengthening exercises, or applying ice or heat to the injured area.
Legal disclaimer
The information contained within this article is not a complete or final statement of the law and is based on the laws of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
While UNISON has sought to ensure that the information is accurate and up to date, it is not responsible and will not be held liable for any inaccuracies and their consequences, including any loss arising from relying on this information. If you are a UNISON member with a legal problem, please contact your branch or region as soon as possible for advice, or for non-employment matters call UNISONdirect.