Industrial action – guidance for branches

Industrial action

Taking industrial action is one of the biggest steps a union can take and is a powerful way for members to stand together and defend their rights.

Industrial action is governed by strict legal requirements from ballots to picketing, therefore it is essential that all action is carefully planned and fully compliant with current legislation.

Before taking any industrial action, branches should:

•    read the UNISON Industrial action handbook;
•    speak with your regional organising staff for advice and support;
•    ensure all legal and procedural requirements are followed.

Read the UNISON Industrial action handbook

PLEASE NOTE THIS GUIDANCE IS CURRENTLY BEING UPDATED AND SUBJECT TO CHANGES MADE BY THE EMPLOYMENT RIGHTS ACT 2025. 

There are some principles to bear in mind:

Getting permission

Permission to embark on a national industrial action ballot rests with the general secretary and the industrial action committee, following a request from the national secretary on the behalf of the service group.

Most industrial action ballots relate to local disputes with a specific employer, and permission to hold a ballot lies with the relevant regional secretary.

There will be occasions where the regional secretary does not agree to authorise a ballot – in these circumstances the branch has a right to appeal to the industrial action committee.

Keeping membership records accurate

Accurate membership records are critical before any industrial action ballot takes place.

Employers may challenge the legality of a ballot if they believe membership information is incomplete or inaccurate. Keeping records regularly updated helps protect the integrity of the ballot process and strengthens the union’s position.

Branches should make it a priority to routinely check and update membership details to ensure records remain accurate and legally compliant.